DOKU MÜHENDİSLİĞİNDE YAPAY KEMİK İSKELESİ TASARIMI

Neslihan TOP, İsmail ŞAHİN, Harun GÖKÇE

Öz


DOKU MÜHENDİSLİĞİNDE YAPAY KEMİK İSKELESİ TASARIMI

Özet

Hasarlı kemik yapılarının onarımı için farklı uygulamalar gerçekleştirilse de günümüzde daha çok kemiğin yeniden üretim yöntemlerine odaklanılmıştır. Bu nedenle doku mühendisliği alanında son yıllarda yürütülen çalışmalar yapay kemik iskelesi tasarımı ve üretimi üzerine yoğunlaşmaktadır. Yapay kemik iskelesi üretiminde yüksek gözeneklilik oranı, gözenekler arası bağlar, kullanılan malzemenin dayanımı ve biyouyumlu olması önemli hususlar arasındadır. Doku mühendisliği çalışmalarında kimyasal gaz köpürtme, membran laminasyon, kalıplama, partikül süzme gibi geleneksel yaklaşımlarla yapay kemik üretimi yöntemleri halen yaygın olarak kullanılsa da eklemeli imalat yaklaşımlarının kullanımı giderek yaygınlaşmaktadır. Günümüzde hızlı prototipleme teknolojileri ile karmaşık geometrideki yüksek gözenekli kemik iskelesi yapıları, tek işlem basamağında kolaylıkla üretilebilmekte, gözenek sayısı ve boyutlarının kontrolü hassas bir şekilde yapılabilmektedir. Bu çalışmada, doku mühendisliğinde yapay kemik iskelesi tasarım ve üretimi süreçlerinde kullanılan klasik ve yeni nesil yapay kemik iskelesi tasarım yaklaşımları incelenmiştir. Çalışmada, üç boyutlu (3B) baskı teknolojileri ile baskı alınmasında kemik iskelesini oluşturan hücresel birimlerin ve kemik iskele yapılarının oluşturulmasında kullanılan yöntemler ele alınmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Doku mühendisliği, Yapay kemik iskelesi, 3B baskı

ARTIFICIAL BONE SCAFFOLD DESIGN IN TISSUE ENGINEERING

Abstract

Although different applications have been carried out for the repair of damaged bone structures, nowadays mostly focus on bone regeneration methods. Therefore, recent studies in the field of tissue engineering focus on artificial bone scaffolding design and production. High porosity rate, inter-pore bonding, strength and biocompatibility of materials used in artificial scaffold production are among the important issues. Although traditional methods such as chemical gas foaming, membrane lamination, molding, particle leaching and artificial bone production methods are still widely used in tissue engineering studies, the use of additive manufacturing approaches is becoming widespread. Nowadays, high-porous bone scaffolding structures of complex geometry can be produced easily in a single process step and precise control of pore number and dimensions can be made with rapid prototyping technologies. In this study, classical and new generation artificial bone scaffold design approaches used in tissue engineering in artificial bone scaffolding design and production processes are examined. In this study, the methods used to construct the cellular units and bone scaffold structures forming the bone scaffold for printing with three dimensional (3D) printing technologies are discussed.

Keywords; Tissue engineering, Artificial bone scaffold, 3D printing


Anahtar Kelimeler


Doku mühendisliği, Yapay kemik iskelesi, 3B baskı

Tam Metin:

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Referanslar


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